To cite scientific or statistical use of package 'ale' in publications use: To cite the software package itself use:

Okoli C (2023). “Statistical inference using machine learning and classical techniques based on accumulated local effects (ALE).” arXiv, 1-30. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2310.09877, https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09877.

Okoli C (2024). “Reliable Inference from Human-Centred Datasets with Accumulated Local Effects.” Conference, https://submissions.mirasmart.com/InformsAnnual2024/Itinerary/PresentationDetail.aspx?evdid=6275.

Okoli C (2024). “Model-Agnostic Interpretability: Effect Size Measures from Accumulated Local Effects (ALE).” Conference, https://sites.google.com/view/data-science-2024/program.

Okoli C (2025). ale: Interpretable Machine Learning and Statistical Inference with Accumulated Local Effects (ALE). R package version 0.5.3, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ale.

Corresponding BibTeX entries:

  @Article{alestatsarxiv,
    title = {Statistical inference using machine learning and classical
      techniques based on accumulated local effects (ALE)},
    author = {Chitu Okoli},
    year = {2023},
    journal = {arXiv},
    doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2310.09877},
    url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.09877},
    pages = {1-30},
  }

  @Unpublished{aleinforms24,
    note = {Conference},
    author = {Chitu Okoli},
    title = {Reliable Inference from Human-Centred Datasets with
      Accumulated Local Effects},
    booktitle = {2024 INFORMS Annual Meeting},
    year = {2024},
    url =
      {https://submissions.mirasmart.com/InformsAnnual2024/Itinerary/PresentationDetail.aspx?evdid=6275},
  }

  @Unpublished{alestatsinformsds,
    note = {Conference},
    author = {Chitu Okoli},
    title = {Model-Agnostic Interpretability: Effect Size Measures from
      Accumulated Local Effects (ALE)},
    booktitle = {INFORMS Workshop on Data Science 2024},
    year = {2024},
    url = {https://sites.google.com/view/data-science-2024/program},
  }

  @Manual{,
    title = {ale: Interpretable Machine Learning and Statistical
      Inference with Accumulated Local Effects (ALE)},
    author = {Chitu Okoli},
    year = {2025},
    note = {R package version 0.5.3},
    url = {https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ale},
  }