[R] matrix exponential: M^0

[Federico Calboli]

Dear All, 

I would like to ask why the zeroeth power of a matrix gives me a matrix
of ones rather than the identity matrix:

> D<-rbind(c(0,0,0),c(0,0,0),c(0,0,0))
> D<-as.matrix(D)
> D
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    0    0    0
[2,]    0    0    0
[3,]    0    0    0

> D^0
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    1    1
[2,]    1    1    1
[3,]    1    1    1

I would have expected the identity matrix here.

I find the same result with every other square matrix I used.
BTW, I am using R 1.8.1 on Linux Mandrake 9.1

Cheers,

Federico Calboli
-- 



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Federico C. F. Calboli

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Dipartimento di Biologia
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f.calboli at ucl.ac.uk